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Grover Cleveland: Secret Jaw Operations - Author's Note

   
 

jaw cancer On June 13, 1893, Cleveland noticed a "rough place" on the roof of his mouth. It was diagnosed as cancer, precipitating one of the most celebrated incidents in the history of Presidential medicine.

Ultimately, on July 1, the President underwent a risky operation aboard his yacht. At his insistence, his illness and surgery were kept secret from the public, the press, the Cabinet, and (one presumes) the Vice President. A second, less risky operation was performed aboard the yacht on July 17.

Afterwards, direct questions about the President's health were answered falsely. "Cleveland is alleged to have said that he had done more lying in the period just before his surgery and the period immediately thereafter than he had ever done in the remainder of his life" [3d]. It was 25 years before the secret was compromised.


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AUTHOR'S NOTE.

Besides my own notes written at the time of the first operation and afterward, I have had the advantage of the original notes by Dr Joseph D. Bryant, the surgeon in charge of the case; the notes of Dr. Robert M. O'Reilly, United States Army, who gave the ether; of Dr. Ferdinand Hasbrouck, the dentist; and of recent interviews with Dr. John F. Erdmann, Doctor Bryant's then assistant, now the widely known surgeon in New York City; with Commodore E. C. Benedict, and K. C. Gibson, D.D.S.; and of correspondence with Mr. E. J. Edwards -- "Holland" -- of the Philadelphia Press.

I have also consulted various newspapers of the time, particularly the Nation, the Commercial and Financial Chronicle, and many clippings from a number of daily newspapers; several Lives of Mr. Cleveland, Mr. Cleveland's "Presidential Problems," and various books dealing with the financial conditions in 1893, especially Peck's "Twenty Years of the Republic," Dewey's "National Problems," and Burton's "John Sherman."

My thanks are also due to Mr. James Ford Rhodes for valuable suggestions.


     Resources[Top]
Disclosure: Doctor Zebra gets a few pennies if you click & buy from Amazon.
  1. Boller, Paul F. Jr. Presidential Anecdotes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981. ISBN 0-19-502915-1 @ Amazon   [a] p. 178

  2. Brodsky, Alyn. Grover Cleveland: A Study in Character. NY: St. Martin's Press, 2000. ISBN 0-312-26883-1 @ Amazon   [a] p. 315 [b] p. 310

  3. Bumgarner, John R. The Health of the Presidents: The 41 United States Presidents Through 1993 from a Physician's Point of View. Jefferson, NC: MacFarland & Company, 1994. ISBN 0-89950-956-8 @ Amazon   [a] p. 136 [b] p. 137 [c] pp. 136-137 [d] p. 140
        Devotes one chapter to each President, through Clinton. Written for the layperson, well-referenced, with areas of speculation clearly identified, Dr. Zebra depends heavily on this book. Dr. Bumgarner survived the Bataan Death March and has written an unforgettable book casting a physician's eye on that experience.

  4. Dugan, James. Bedlam in the boudoir. Colliers. 22 Feb. 1947; pages 17, 69-70.
        Credibility is dubious. Just before a list of Presidents, the article states: "Twenty of the 32 Presidents ... are proved or believed on a thick web of circumstance to have been nocturnal nuisances in the White House."

  5. Howe. M. A. DeWolfe. George von Lengerke Meyer: His Life and Public Services. NY: Dodd, Mead and Company, 1920.
        Meyer was Postmaster General under Theodore Roosevelt and Secretary of the Navy under William Howard Taft.

  6. Keen, William Williams. The Surgical Operations on President Cleveland in 1893. Philadelphia: George W. Jacobs & Co., 1917.
        The corresponding magazine article was published in the Sept. 22, 1917 Saturday Evening Post on pages 24-55.

  7. McElroy, Robert. Grover Cleveland: The Man and the Statesman. New York: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1923.

  8. Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (ed). Burke's Presidential Families of the United States of American. 2nd ed. London: Burke's Peerage Limited, 1981. ISBN 0-85011-033-5 @ Amazon
        Enumerates the ancestors and descendants of American presidents up through Ronald Reagan.

  9. Nevins, Allan. Grover Cleveland: A Study in Courage. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company, 1933.   [a] pp. 162-169
        Won the Pulitzer Prize for biography.

  10. Nevins, Allan (ed.). The Letters of Grover Cleveland: 1850-1908. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1933.

  11. Pendel, Thomas F. Thirty-Six Years in the White House. Washington: Neale Publishing Company, 1902.
        Pendel was door-keeper at the White House from the time of Lincoln to the time of Theodore Roosevelt. Full text is available on-line at loc.gov. It's a rather dry book, and reads as if it were written by an old man. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?lhbcbbib:1:./temp/~ammem_rEou::

  12. Pringle, Henry F. The Life and Times of William Howard Taft: A Biography. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, Inc., 1939.

  13. Stoddard, Henry L. It Costs to Be President. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1938.   [a] p. 215
        Stoddard was editor and owner of the New York Evening Mail from 1900 to 1925.

  14. The Grover Cleveland web page at the White House.

  15.  (22 matches when checked in November 2003)
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